Collection of Facts for Inference

B.

The collection of facts that, when considered together, can be used to infer a conclusion about the malicious activity/person is referred to as evidence. Evidence can be classified into several types based on its characteristics and nature.

A. Direct evidence: This type of evidence provides a clear, conclusive proof of a fact. For instance, video footage of a person stealing from a store is direct evidence that the individual committed the crime.

B. Circumstantial evidence: This type of evidence relies on indirect information and reasoning to draw a conclusion. It may not directly prove the crime but establishes a connection between the crime and the individual. For instance, finding a suspect's fingerprints on a murder weapon is circumstantial evidence that links them to the crime.

C. Incontrovertible evidence: This type of evidence is unquestionable and cannot be disputed or challenged. It is often obtained through scientific methods or forensic analysis. For example, DNA evidence that matches the suspect is incontrovertible evidence.

D. Corroborating evidence: This type of evidence supports or confirms other evidence in a case. It may not be conclusive on its own, but when combined with other evidence, it strengthens the case against the suspect. For example, an eyewitness testimony that supports the video footage is corroborating evidence.

In summary, while all types of evidence can be useful in an investigation, the most powerful evidence is direct evidence or incontrovertible evidence. However, circumstantial evidence and corroborating evidence can also be valuable in building a strong case against a suspect.