Effective and Economical Security for Computer Applications

D.

The earlier in the process that security is planned for and implement the cheaper it is.

It is also much more efficient if security is addressed in each phase of the development cycle rather than an add-on because it gets more complicated to add at the end.

If security plan is developed at the beginning it ensures that security won't be overlooked.

The following answers are incorrect: The system is optimized prior to the addition of security.

Is incorrect because if you wait to implement security after a system is completed the cost of adding security increases dramtically and can become much more complex.

The system is procured off-the-shelf.

Is incorrect because it is often difficult to add security to off-the shelf systems.

The system is customized to meet the specific security threat.

Is incorrect because this is a distractor.

This implies only a single threat.

The security of a computer application can be most effective and economical when the system is originally designed to provide the necessary security. This means that security is a fundamental consideration in the design of the system, and it is not simply an afterthought or an add-on.

By designing security into the system from the beginning, potential vulnerabilities can be identified and addressed early in the development process. This approach can result in a more secure system overall and can help to prevent security breaches and attacks.

In contrast, optimizing the system prior to the addition of security or procuring an off-the-shelf system may result in security weaknesses that are difficult and expensive to address later on. Customizing a system to meet a specific security threat can also be effective, but it may not be as economical as designing security into the system from the beginning.

In summary, designing security into a system from the beginning is the most effective and economical approach to ensuring the security of a computer application.