Ensuring Least Privilege Does Not Require

B.

Ensuring that the user alone does not have sufficient rights to subvert an important process is a concern of the separation of duties principle and it does not concern the least privilege principle.

Source: DUPUIS, Clment, Access Control Systems and Methodology CISSP Open Study Guide, version 1.0, march 2002 (page 33).

The concept of least privilege is a fundamental principle in security administration, which means granting users the minimum set of privileges required for them to perform their duties, and no more. The objective of this principle is to minimize the potential damage caused by a user's mistake, malicious activity, or system vulnerability.

To ensure the principle of least privilege, several steps should be taken, including:

A. Identifying what the user's job is: This is a crucial step in implementing least privilege. It involves understanding the user's role, responsibilities, and the tasks that they are authorized to perform. By doing so, the security administrator can define the minimum set of privileges that the user requires to perform their duties effectively.

B. Ensuring that the user alone does not have sufficient rights to subvert an important process: This step involves ensuring that no single user has the authority to bypass or subvert an essential process or system. For example, critical operations such as backups, patches, or user administration should be conducted by authorized personnel only.

C. Determining the minimum set of privileges required for a user to perform their duties: Once the user's role and responsibilities have been defined, the security administrator must determine the minimum set of privileges required for them to perform their duties. These privileges may include access to specific files, folders, applications, or network resources.

D. Restricting the user to required privileges and nothing more: Finally, the security administrator must ensure that the user is only granted access to the privileges required to perform their job and nothing more. This can be achieved by using access controls, such as permissions, roles, and groups, to restrict the user's privileges to the minimum required level.

Therefore, all of the given options are essential steps that should be taken to ensure least privilege. None of the options can be excluded as each step is necessary to ensure the user has the least privilege needed to perform their job duties effectively.