Understanding Ethernet Collisions and their Impact

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When two devices on an Ethernet segment transmit at the same time, a collision occurs. The following are the two accurate statements about what happens after a collision:

A. Both devices stop transmitting, wait a random period of time, verify the wire is idle, and re-transmit: After detecting a collision, both devices stop transmitting, wait for a random amount of time, and then try again. The random delay is to ensure that the two devices do not try to transmit simultaneously again, causing another collision. If both devices transmit at the same time again, another collision will occur, and the process repeats.

B. The device with the lowest MAC address is permitted to retransmit first: After the collision, the devices on the Ethernet segment use a random delay to ensure that they do not transmit simultaneously. After the delay, the device with the lowest MAC address gets the chance to transmit first. This method is called Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD).

C and D are incorrect options: C. The device with the lowest MAC address sends a jam signal to notify all other devices of the collision: This is incorrect because the device with the lowest MAC address does not send a jam signal. Instead, both devices stop transmitting and wait for a random amount of time.

D. Both devices send a jam signal to notify all other devices of the collision: This is incorrect because neither device sends a jam signal. Both devices stop transmitting and wait for a random amount of time.

In conclusion, the correct statements are that both devices stop transmitting, wait a random period of time, verify the wire is idle, and re-transmit. The device with the lowest MAC address is then permitted to retransmit first.