How do TCP and UDP differ in the way they guarantee packet delivery?
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A. B. C. D.C
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) are two commonly used protocols in computer networking. They are used to send packets of data over the internet or any other network.
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol, which means it establishes a connection between two devices before transferring data. TCP guarantees packet delivery, which means it ensures that all packets reach their destination without any loss or errors.
UDP, on the other hand, is a connectionless protocol, which means it does not establish a connection before transferring data. UDP does not guarantee packet delivery, which means it does not ensure that all packets reach their destination.
To answer the question, TCP and UDP differ in the way they guarantee packet delivery in the following ways:
A. TCP uses retransmissions, acknowledgment, and parity checks, and UDP uses cyclic redundancy checks only
Retransmission: TCP uses a mechanism called retransmission to ensure packet delivery. If a packet is lost or damaged during transmission, TCP will retransmit the packet until it is successfully delivered.
Acknowledgment: TCP uses acknowledgment to ensure that all packets are received by the destination device. The destination device sends an acknowledgment back to the sender for each packet received.
Parity checks: TCP uses a mechanism called parity checks to detect errors in the data. It adds an extra bit to the data to make the total number of bits either odd or even. If the number of bits is not the same, it means there is an error in the data.
UDP uses cyclic redundancy checks (CRC) only to detect errors in the data. CRC adds a checksum to the data, which is verified by the receiver to ensure that the data is not corrupted during transmission.
B. TCP uses two-dimensional parity checks, checksums, and cyclic redundancy checks, and UDP uses retransmissions only
Two-dimensional parity checks: TCP uses two-dimensional parity checks to detect errors in the data. It adds extra bits to the data to form a matrix, which is used to detect errors in both rows and columns.
Checksums: TCP uses checksums to detect errors in the data. It adds a checksum to the data, which is verified by the receiver to ensure that the data is not corrupted during transmission.
UDP uses retransmissions only to ensure packet delivery. If a packet is lost or damaged during transmission, UDP will retransmit the packet until it is successfully delivered.
C. TCP uses checksum, acknowledgements, and retransmissions, and UDP uses checksums only
Checksum: TCP uses checksum to detect errors in the data. It adds a checksum to the data, which is verified by the receiver to ensure that the data is not corrupted during transmission.
Acknowledgment: TCP uses acknowledgment to ensure that all packets are received by the destination device. The destination device sends an acknowledgment back to the sender for each packet received.
Retransmission: TCP uses retransmission to ensure packet delivery. If a packet is lost or damaged during transmission, TCP will retransmit the packet until it is successfully delivered.
UDP uses checksums only to detect errors in the data. It adds a checksum to the data, which is verified by the receiver to ensure that the data is not corrupted during transmission.
D. TCP uses checksum, parity checks, and retransmissions, and UDP uses acknowledgements only
Checksum: TCP uses checksum to detect errors in the data. It adds a checksum to the data, which is verified by the receiver to ensure that the data is not corrupted during transmission.
Parity checks: TCP uses parity checks to detect errors in the data. It adds an extra bit to the data to make the total number of bits either odd or even. If the number of bits is not the same, it means there is an error in the data.
Retransmission: TCP uses retransmission to