The basic DNS resolution process explained

B.

In the DNS (Domain Name System) resolution process, when a client application needs to resolve a domain name to an IP address, it sends a DNS query to a DNS resolver. The DNS resolver is responsible for initiating the resolution process and sending the query to the appropriate DNS server to obtain the IP address.

Out of the options provided in the question, the component that receives the query and sends it to the location that knows the IP address for the destination is the DNS resolver. Therefore, the correct answer is A. DNS resolver.

The DNS resolver can be configured in several ways. For example, it can be set to use a local cache or forward the query to another DNS resolver. If the DNS resolver does not have the IP address for the destination in its cache, it will send the query to a DNS server that is authoritative for the domain in question.

An authoritative server is a DNS server that has the IP address information for the domain in question. When the DNS resolver sends a query to an authoritative server, the server responds with the IP address for the domain. If the authoritative server does not have the information, it can refer the query to another server higher up in the DNS hierarchy until the information is found.

Intermediate servers are DNS servers that are not authoritative for the domain in question but are used to cache information for faster resolution. D-proxy (DNS proxy) is a mechanism that intercepts DNS queries and can cache responses to improve performance and reduce DNS traffic. Root servers are the highest level of DNS servers in the hierarchy and are responsible for directing queries to the appropriate top-level domain servers.

In summary, the DNS resolver is the component that receives the query and sends it to the location that knows the IP address for the destination, which is usually an authoritative DNS server.