What functionality is provided by DNSSEC?
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DNSSEC (Domain Name System Security Extensions) is a protocol extension of the DNS (Domain Name System) that provides added security features to the domain name resolution process. It addresses several vulnerabilities in the DNS infrastructure and is designed to prevent DNS-related attacks, such as DNS cache poisoning, man-in-the-middle attacks, and other types of DNS spoofing attacks.
The primary functionality provided by DNSSEC is origin authentication of DNS data, which helps to verify the authenticity of DNS responses. In traditional DNS, responses from authoritative DNS servers can be modified or intercepted by attackers, which can result in DNS cache poisoning or redirection of users to malicious sites. With DNSSEC, DNS responses are digitally signed using public-key cryptography, and the authenticity of the signature can be verified using the corresponding public key.
DNSSEC does not provide data confidentiality of DNS queries and answers. DNS queries and answers are sent in clear text over the network, which can be intercepted and read by attackers. To address this issue, DNS over TLS (Transport Layer Security) or DNS over HTTPS (HTTP Secure) protocols can be used, which provide encryption of DNS traffic.
DNSSEC also does not provide access restriction of DNS zone transfers. DNS zone transfers allow authoritative DNS servers to share information about a zone with secondary DNS servers. Access control of DNS zone transfers is typically implemented using ACLs (Access Control Lists) on the authoritative DNS server.
DNSSEC does not store certificate records in a DNS zone file. DNSSEC uses digital signatures to verify the authenticity of DNS responses, and does not rely on certificates or certificate authorities. Certificate records are typically used in other security protocols, such as SSL/TLS (Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security) for web security.
In summary, the primary functionality provided by DNSSEC is origin authentication of DNS data, which helps to prevent DNS-related attacks by verifying the authenticity of DNS responses.