Which technology allows a large number of private IP addresses to be represented by a smaller number of public IP addresses?
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A. B. C. D.A
The correct answer to the question is A. NAT (Network Address Translation).
NAT is a technology that allows private IP addresses, which are non-routable on the Internet, to be translated into public IP addresses, which are routable on the Internet. This allows a large number of devices with private IP addresses to share a smaller number of public IP addresses.
NAT works by creating a mapping between the private IP address of a device and a public IP address. When a device with a private IP address sends a packet to the Internet, NAT replaces the private IP address in the packet header with the public IP address. When the packet returns to the NAT device, it translates the public IP address back to the private IP address and forwards the packet to the correct device on the internal network.
NAT can be implemented in different ways, such as static NAT, dynamic NAT, and port address translation (PAT). Static NAT maps a specific private IP address to a specific public IP address, while dynamic NAT maps a private IP address to an available public IP address from a pool. PAT, also known as NAT overload, maps multiple private IP addresses to a single public IP address by using different ports.
RFC 1631 and RFC 1918 are standards that define private IP address ranges for use in private networks. RFC 1631 describes the use of NAT for address translation between private and public networks, while RFC 1918 defines the private IP address ranges that can be used in private networks without conflicting with public IP addresses. NTP (Network Time Protocol) is a protocol used for time synchronization between computer systems.
In summary, NAT is a technology that allows a large number of private IP addresses to be represented by a smaller number of public IP addresses, by mapping private IP addresses to public IP addresses.